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| TURN KEY STEEL BUILDINGS |
| Our professional designers |
• Have over 30 years experience in
the construction industry
• Will bring many of their personal
experiences to the table to make
your dream a reality
• Are always available to assist
you with your needs.
All Turn Key Steel Buildings are
• Designed to your local codes
• Are AISC and MBMA approved |
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| Standard metal building terms |
A.
- Accessory:An extra building component added to a building such as a door,
window, vent, etc.
- Aluminized:Aluminum coated steel.
- Anchor Bolts:Bolts set in concrete, used to anchor structural members to
concrete foundation.
- Approval Drawing:A product drawing sent to the customer to verify design
and dimensions and to verify the sales contract description of materials and services the
manufacturer has agreed to furnish.
- Astragal:A closure between the two leaves of a double swing or a double
slide door used to close the joint.
- Auxiliary Loads:All specified dynamic live loads other than the basic
design loads which the building must safely withstand - such as cranes, material handling
systems and impact loads.
B.
- Base Angle:A continuous angle secured to foundation to support wall panels.
- Base Plate:A shop-welded, pre-punched plate on that portion of a beam or
column which rests on the supporting surface.
- Batten:A broad, formed strip of metal put over a roof seam for decorative
purposes and to conceal fasteners.
- Bay:The space between frame center lines or primary supporting members in
the longitudinal direction of the building.
- Bay-Interior:The distance from centerline to centerline of two interior
columns.
- Bead Mastic:Sealant furnished in a continuous roll, normally used for
sealing roof panel laps.
- Beam:A structural member which is ordinarily subject to bending and is
usually a horizontal member carrying vertical loads.
- Bearing Frame Endwall:Frame composed of corner columns, end columns, flush
girts, and channel rafter beams, which is designed to carry one-half bay weight. Also
referred to as "cold formed".
- Bird Screen:Wire mesh used to prevent birds from entering the building
through ventilators and louvers.
- Blind Rivet:A small headed pin with expandable shank for joining light gage
metal. Typically used to attach flashing, gutter, etc. also referred to as Pop Rivet.
- Brace Rods:Rods used primarily on roof and sidewalls of RF (Rigid Frame) or
BC (Beam & Column) buildings for plumbing the structures and to transfer wind force to
foundation.
- Bracket:A structural support projecting from a wall or column on which
another structural member is fastened. Example: Crane runway brackets.
- Bridge Crane:A material handling system within a building which moves
longitudinally on a runway constructed of rails and beams.
- Bridging:Structural member used to give weak axis stability to joist or
purlins.
- Building Codes:Published regulations and ordinances established by a
recognized agency describing design loads, procedures and construction details for
structures. Building codes control design, construction and quality of materials, use and
occupancy, location and maintenance of buildings and structures within the city, county,
state, etc. for which the code was adopted.
- Built-Up Member or Section:A structural member, usually an "I"
section, made from individual web, flange and base plates by welding them together.
- Butt Plate (or Splice Plate):The prepunched end plate of a structural
member which usually rests against a matching plate of another member in forming a bolted
connection.
- By-Pass Girts:Girts which overlap outside column flange to form a
continuous member.
C.
- "C" Section:A member cold-formed from steel coil in the shape of
a "C", used primarily in bearing frame endwalls and framed openings.
- Canopy:Any overhanging or projecting structure with extreme end usually
unsupported.
- Cantilever:A projecting beam that is supported and restrained at one end
only.
- Cap Plate:A plate located at the top of a column or end of a beam for
capping the exposed end of the member. Used for pinned conditions.
- Caulk:To seal and make weather tight joints, seams or voids by filling with
waterproofing compound or material.
- Chalking:A process by which finishes develop a loose powdery surface
resulting from decomposition of the binder, principally through the action of ultraviolet
rays.
- Channel:An open-ended "C" shape with no return lips, which may be
either cold-formed or hot-rolled.
- Clear Span:Building without internal columns.
- Clip:A small fastening device, usually of metal, designed to hold a panel
or component in place.
- Clip-Angle:An angle used for fastening various members together.
- Closure Strip:Sealant material formed to match either inside or outside
wall or roof panel configuration, used at base, eave, rake or accessory locations to
provide closure against the elements.
- Cold-Formed:Various shapes such as angles, channels, girts and purlins
formed from steel at room temperature.
- Column:A vertical structural member.
- Continuous Girt or Purlin:Girt or purlin that overlaps at columns or frames
to form a continuous member.
- Continuous Ridge Vent:10' long roof ventilator located along roof peak
line.
- Coping:The top course or cover of a wall, usually made sloping to carry off
the water.
- Corner Column:Corner column (usually a "C" shape) located at the
corner of a bearing frame endwall.
- Corner Trim:Preformed color sheet metal trim used to close the junction of
side and endwall sheets.
- Corrosion:The electrochemical degradation of metals due to reaction with
their environment.
- Crane Rail:Track upon which a top running crane moves (usually hot-rolled
A.S.C.E. rails).
- Crane Runway Beam:Support for bridge crane.
- Curb:Raised flashing around a roof accessory to provide water rightness at
the roof opening.
- Curtain Wall:Perimeter wall panels which carry only their own weight.
- Certification:A written declaration that a particular product or service
complies with stated criteria. In specific use, it is necessary to include the scope and
limitations of the certifications; usually it is provided by the manufacturer, producer or
vendor.
D.
- Damper:A baffle used to open or close the throat of ventilators.
- Dead Load:The weight of the structure itself plus any permanent stationary
loads.
- Deck:The structural surface to which roofing or waterproofing system
(including insulation) is applied.
- Deflection:The transverse displacement of a structural member in the
direction of load and measured from its no-load position.
- Diaphragm Action:The action of wall panels on flush-framed walls to act as
one unit to resist longitudinal wind force.
- Downspout:A hollow rectangular, square or round tubular section used to
carry water from a gutter to the ground.
- Drawing:an architectural, structural, mechanical or electrical plan,
elevation or section indicating in isometric or in axonometric perspective, the detailed
location, dimension, quantity or extent of material, product or member to be furnished.
- Driftpin:A tapered pin used to align holes in steel members to be
connected. Also called "Spud Wrench".
- Drip Edge:A metal strip placed along the edge of a roof to divert water.
E.
- Eave:The line along the top of the sidewall, formed by the intersection of
roof and wall panels.
- Eave Canopy:A roof extension beyond the sidewall of building. May also be
cantilevered below the eave.
- Eave Height:The vertical dimension from finished floor to top of eave
strut.
- Eave Strut:A cold-formed structural member at the eave to support roof and
wall panels; also transmits forces due to wind on endwall from roof brace rods to wall
brace rods.
- Eave Strut Gusset:A small gusset shop-welded to main frame on RF and BC
buildings to support eave struts and afford alignment with by-framed girts.
- Eave Trim:Trim used to close off top of sidewall panels in lieu of eave
gutter.
- Embossed:Depressing the metal using a patterned roll to transfer pattern to
the metal.
- Equipment Screen:Metal panels attached horizontally to a roof to conceal
air conditioning units, heating units, exhaust fans, etc.
- Erection:The on-site assembly of pre-engineered components to form complete
structure.
- Expansion Joint:A break of space in construction to allow for thermal
expansion and contraction.
- Exposure:That portion of the roofing exposed to the weather after
installation.
F.
- Fabricate:To manufacture, form, construct or assemble a product or
component.
- Fading:A color change that involves a lightening or weakening of the color
which may involve a change in hue.
- Fascia, Facia:Decorative trim or panel projecting from the face of a wall.
- Fastener:Clips or screws used to attach panels to the structure and to each
other.
- Finish:(1) The final treatment or coating of a surface or (2) the fine or
decorative work required to make a building or its parts complete.
- Fixed base:A vertical structural member, bolted to and positioned at 90
degree to a sidewall column to provide additional base fastening and to prevent column
rotation.
- Flange:The projecting edge of a structural member.
- Flange Brace:A brace from flange of column or rafter to girt or purlin to
provide lateral support and stability.
- Flashing:The system used to seal membrane edgings at walls, expansion
joints, drains, gravel stops and other places where the membrane, cap or counter flashing
shields the upper edges of the base flashing.
- Fluoropolymer:A metal finish also known as PVF2. Trade names: Kynar 500? or
Hylar 5000?.
- Footing:A pad or mat, usually concrete, located under a column, wall, or
other structural member, used to distribute loads from the member into supporting soil.
- Foundation:The substructure on which a building rests.
- Frame:Primary structural members, made up of columns and rafters, which
support the secondary framing.
- Framed Opening:Opening in a wall that is framed with light gage members.
G.
- G-90:A typical coating weight for galvanized steel sheet. Equates to .090
oz. of zinc per square foot, total both sides.
- Gable:A triangular portion of the endwall of a building, directly under the
sloping roof and above the eave height line.
- Galvalume?:The patented trade name by Bethleham Steel Company for the
aluminum-zinc alloy applied to sheet steel for corrosion resistance.
- Galvanized Steel:Steel coated with zinc for corrosion resistance.
- Gauge/Gage:(1) In metal products, a number designating a specific thickness
of metal sheet, or diameter of wire, cable or fastener shank tabulated in a standardized
series, each of which represents a decimal fraction of an inch (or millimeter). (2)
Distance in inches (or millimeters) between adjacent lines of holes or fasteners.
- Girder:A main horizontal or near horizontal structural member that supports
vertical loads.
- Girt:A secondary horizontal structural member attached to sidewall or
endwall columns to which wall covering is attached and supported horizontally; usually a
cold-formed "Z" shape.
- Glaze or Glazing:The process of installing glass in window or door
openings.
- Gloss:Subjective term describing the relative amount and nature of
mirror-like reflection from a surface.
- Grout:A mixture of cement, sand and water used to fill cracks and cavities.
Often used under base plates to obtain uniform bearing surfaces.
- Guideline:A written statement or outline of a policy, practice or conduct.
Guidelines may propose options to enable a user to satisfy provisions of a code, standard,
regulation or recommendation.
- Gusset Plate:A steel plate used to connect two or more structural members
in the same plane.
- Gutter:The trough that channels water from the eaves to the downspouts.
H.
- Hair-Pin:Reinforcing bar used to help transfer anchor bolt shear (due to
column thrust) to concrete floor mass. The "U" shaped hair-pin wraps around the
anchor bolts inside the slab.
- Haunch:Also Knee. The deepened portion of a column or rafter, designed to
accommodate the high stress where column and rafter intersect and connect.
- Header:A horizontal member over a wall opening.
- Header Trim:Trim used above a wall opening.
- High Strength Bolts:Any bolt made from steel having a tensile strength in
excess of 100,000 pounds per square inch (p.s.i.). Some examples are ASTM A-325, A-354,
A-449.
- High Tensile Steel:Structural steel having a yield stress in excess of
36,000 pounds per square inch.
- Hip Roof:A roof which rises by incline planes from all four sides.
- Hot-rolled Shapes:Steel sections (angles, channels, I-beams, etc.) which
are formed by rolling mills while the steel is in a semi-molten state.
I.
- Impact:Shock loads caused by dynamic application.
- Inner Liner:Liner paneling on the inside of walls.
- Inside Corner Trim:Trim which flashes inside corners.
- Insulation:Any material used in building construction to reduce heat
transfer.
- Intermediate Bay:A distance between two main frames within a building,
other than end frames.
J.
- Jack Beam:A beam used to support another beam or rafter to eliminate a
column support.
- Jack Truss:Truss used to support another beam, truss or rafter to eliminate
a column support.
- Jamb:A side column of a doorway or opening.
- Jib Crane:A cantilevered boom or horizontal beam with hoist and trolley.
This lifting machine may pick up loads in all or part of a circle around the column to
which it is attached.
- Joist:Beam for supporting the floor or roof.
K.
- KIP:Kilo-pound (1000#)
- Knee (or Haunch):The connecting area of a column and rafter of a structural
frame.
L.
- Lean-To:A structure having only one slope or pitch and depending on another
structure for partial support.
- Liner Panel:Sheeting on inside of building; may be either full or partial
height.
- Lip:A flange stiffener.
- Live Load:Any moving or variable load which the structure must support;
roof live load is usually snow load.
- Louver:An opening provided with fixed or adjustable blades to allow air
flow.
M.
- Mansard:A tilted fascia system mounted to the roof, outside the steel line,
and above the roof line to form a decorative fascia appearance and hide the roof line.
- Main or Primary Framing:Steel frames which support secondary framing
members such as girts, purlins or eave struts.
- Masking:The plastic covering on metal panels used to protect pieces during
transit. Masking must be removed immediately after installation.
- Mastic:Caulking or sealant furnished in rolls, normally used in sealing
roof panel laps.
- Moment:Force times distance (torque).
- Moment Connection:A joint capable of transmitting moment to another member
of the system.
- Mullions:Vertical member connecting two windows located side by side.
- MS-Multi-Span:More than one building tied together; multiple gable
buildings.
N.
- Nibbler:An electric hand tool used to cut steel roof or wall sheet
openings.
O.
- Oilcanning:A wavy appearance in a metal panel that is aggravated by
expansion of the metal.
P.
- Panel:In a building, (1) a portion of a surface flush with or recessed
from, or sunk below the surrounding area, sometimes set off by distinct molding or other
decorative measure. (2) a usually flat and rectangular piece of construction material made
to form part of a surface.
- Panel Clip:Independent clip used to attach roof panels to substructure.
- Parapet:That portion of the wall which extends vertically above the roof
line to form a fascia-type appearance to hide roof slope.
- Partition:An interior dividing wall.
- Peak Panel:Rib panel located along building ridge; conforms to roof slope
and configuration.
- Pier:A concrete structure designed to transfer vertical load from the base
of a column to a footing.
- Pilaster:A masonry column built into a wall and projecting
- Pitch:An inclination or slope measured in degrees, or percent, or by the
ratio of rise and run.
- Pop Rivet:A small headed pin with expandable shank for joining light gage
metal. Typically used for flashing trim, etc.
- Primer Paint:Initial coat of a paint applied at factory to structural
framing for protection against elements during erection and shipping only.
- Purlin:A secondary, cold formed horizontal structural member located in the
roof to support sheeting, that is itself supported by the primary structure framing.
- Purlin Extension Canopy:Cantilevered continuation of roof at rake line.
Q.
- Rafter:A fabricated primary structural member with parallel flanges that
extends from haunch to apex. Any beam used in a primary frame to support purlins.
- Rake:The intersection of roof and endwall.
- Rake Angle:Angle attached to purlins at rake for attachment of end-wall
sheets.
- Reactions:Forces required to resist loads from a structure.
- Reinforcing Steel:Steel rods placed in concrete to take tension,
compression and shear stresses.
- Rib:A raised line in the flat portion of a metal panel that gives added
strength and minimizes the appearance of oilcanning.
- Rib Panel:Standard panel used on roof, liner and soffits.
- Ridge:The highest point on the roof of the building which describes a
horizontal line running the length of the building.
- (RF) Rigid Frame:A clearspan structure, characterized by tapered columns,
tapered haunches and rafter beams.
- Rollform:Forming metal shapes by applying pressure through rollers.
- Roofing system:Assembly or interacting components designed to weatherproof,
and sometimes to insulate, the roof surface of a building.
- Roof Slope or Pitch:Slope of a roof plane expressed as a ratio of vertical
rise per unit of horizontal run.
R.
- Sag Rod or Sag Angle:Tie rods or angles to support bottom purlin flanges
against compression buckling due to special wind force.
- Sag Strap:A metal strap used to align purlins during erection.
- Sealant:Any material which is used to close up cracks or joints to protect
against leaks.
- Secondary Framing:Framing consisting of minor load bearing members of a
structure, such as purlins, girts, eave struts, etc.
- Seismic Forces:Forces due to earth movement or earthquake.
- Self-Tapping Screw:A fastener which taps it's own threads in a predrilled
hole. It is for attaching panels to purlins and girts and for connecting trim and
flashing.
- Service Door:Swinging hinged door.
- Sheet:A thin, flat rolled metal product having mill or cut edges.
- Shims:A piece of steel used to level or square canopy beams or base plates.
- Shop Drawing:A drawing prepared by the fabricator based on a working
drawing and used in a shop or on a site for assembly.
- Shop Weld:Weld that is made in plants.
- Skylight:Translucent panel formed like rib panel used on roof or walls in
place of certain rib panel sheets to supply natural light to building.
- Slide Door:A single or double leaf door which opens horizontally by means
of overhead trolleys.
- Slope:The tangent of the angle between the roof surface and the horizontal
plane, expressed as a percentage, or in inches of rise per foot of horizontal distance.
- Soffit:The underpart of an overhanging eave, mansard, cornice, etc.
- Specification:A precise statement of a set of requirements, to be satisfied
by a material, product, system or service. It is desirable that the requirements, together
with their limits, should be expressed numerically in appropriate units.
- Standing Seam:Seam type that consists of an upturned rib, that may also be
structural, with a watertight seam. It is made by turning up the edges of two adjacent
metal panels and then folding them over in one of a variety of ways.
- Step Flashing:Flashing method used where a vertical surface meets a sloping
roof plane.
- Stitch Screw:A fastener used to connect panels at the side lap.
- Structural Steel Members:Load carrying members, may be hot rolled sections,
cold formed shapes, or built-up shapes.
- Substrate:The surface upon which the roofing or waterproofing membrane is
placed (structural deck or insulation).
T.
- Tolerance:The allowable deviation from a value or standard; the total range
of variation permitted in maintaining a specified dimension in machining, fabricating or
construction of a member or assembly.
- Trim:The light gage metal used in the finish of a building, especially
around openings and at intersections of surfaces, often referred to as flashing.
- Turn of Nut Method:A method of tightening structural bolts in a connection.
A rotation of the nut through ? to ? turn from "snug" position will produce at
least the desired minimum tension on the bolt. ("Snug" is defined as the point
at which the material between the bolt head and nut is rigid. If power tolls are used,
"snug" would be the point at which the wrench began to impact.)"
U.
- UH Crane:A multi-rail, underhung, material handling system, manually or
electrically operated.
- Uniform Load:Loads that cover all or part of a beam and throughout the
portion covered, the amount of load per unit of length is the same.
- Uplift:Wind load on a building which causes a load in the upward direction.
V.
- Valley:The internal angle formed by the intersection of two sloping roof
planes.
- Valley Gutter:A channel used to carry off water from the "V" of
roofs of multi-gabled buildings.
- Vapor Barrier:Material used to retard the flow of vapor or moisture into
walls and thus prevent condensation within them.
- Vented:Perforated panels used as soffit to allow air circulation for
prevention of moisture buildup.
- Ventilation:The process of supplying outside fresh air to, or removing air
from an enclosure.
- Ventilator:An accessory usually used on the roof that allows air to pass
through.
W.
- Wall Covering:The exterior wall skin consisting of panels or sheets and
their attachments, trim fascia and weather sealants.
- Wash Coat:A coating applied to the back or unexposed side of the strip. Its
purpose is to protect the top coat during transit and prevent corrosion of the reverse
side. It also provides lubrication for roll forming. It is not closely controlled for
color, gloss or applied dry film thickness. Not to be confused with back coat.
- Web:That portion of a structural member between the flanges.
- Weep Holes:Openings in flashings, etc., to permit drainage and reduce
pressures. (Usually field drilled holes)
- Wind Load:A loading representing the pressure exerted on a structure by a
given wind velocity. A load caused by the wind blowing from any horizontal direction.
- Work Point:An intersection of planes from which dimensions are located.
X.
- X-Bracing:X-Bracing is used in buildings to provide additional bracing and
strength. This can be done with steel cables, rods or even angle in severe cases.
Y.
- Yield Stress:The stress at which the strain ceases to be directly
proportional to the stress. The stress by which steel is identified such as A-36 indicated
36,000 psi yield.
Z.
- "Z" Section:A member of cold-formed from steel sheet in the shape
of a block "Z".
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